Utopia
1516 · 135 pages
On More's island nobody owns anything, everyone works six hours a day, and gold goes into chamber pots. More invented the word utopia for it and the literature of the ideal society followed.
★ 7.3
The Books canon
Sourced and shelved.
Every book chosen by hand and annotated for why it matters.
Browse all 1,178 books or filter by subject, era, place, and author.
Browse all 1,178 books or filter by subject, era, place, and author.
The Satires
100 · 320 pages
Bread and circuses came from here, and so did the line about guarding the guards. Juvenal turns sixteen poems of fury on imperial Rome, where an honest man cannot afford to live.
★ 7.0
The Theory of Moral Sentiments
1759 · 494 pages
Smith argues that conscience is imagined company: we judge ourselves by picturing an impartial spectator and wanting his approval. The economist famous for self-interest built his moral system on fellow feeling.
★ 6.8
The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life
1912 · 416 pages
Religion is society worshiping itself. Durkheim builds the case from Australian Aboriginal totemism: a clan gathers, works itself into collective frenzy, feels a force greater than any member, and calls it a god.
★ 6.8
The Analects
221 BC · 110 pages
Confucius answers his students in short exchanges: never do to others what you would not want done to yourself, and let ritual shape everything. Chinese officials memorized it to hold office until 1905.
★ 6.7
Camera Lucida
1980 · 119 pages
Grieving his mother, Barthes asks what a photograph is and answers with the punctum, the detail that wounds you. Photography criticism has argued in the vocabulary he invented here ever since.
★ 6.5
Persian Letters
1721 · 341 pages
Two Persian travelers in Paris write home about a king who conjures money from paper and a pope who makes bread into flesh. In Isfahan, the harem one of them left is collapsing.
★ 5.9