
The Metaphysics
350 BC · 459 pages
Aristotle asks what a thing most fundamentally is, and the answer runs through matter, form, and cause to a god who moves the whole world simply by being loved.
★ 7.6

Aristotle asks what a thing most fundamentally is, and the answer runs through matter, form, and cause to a god who moves the whole world simply by being loved.

Everyone wants to be happy. Aristotle's answer is that happiness is not a feeling but a life of acting well, and that you become brave only by doing brave things.

Persuasion runs on three things, Aristotle found: the speaker's character, the listener's emotions, and the argument. He shows how to make an audience angry or ashamed, and you notice the machinery everywhere afterward.